ASIS International (ASIS) Professional Certified Investigator Practice Exam

Why is the study of polymorphisms important in genetics?

1. They provide insights into evolutionary biology

2. They have no known significance

3. They solely determine physical traits

4. They are irrelevant to crime scene investigations

The correct answer is: They provide insights into evolutionary biology

The study of polymorphisms is crucial in genetics because they provide insights into evolutionary biology. Polymorphisms are variations in the DNA sequence that occur among individuals within a population. These variations can reveal how species have adapted over time, how genetic diversity contributes to survival, and how traits may be inherited. By analyzing polymorphisms, researchers can trace lineage, understand population structure, and study the genetic basis of traits that may confer advantages in specific environments. The significance of polymorphisms extends to various applications, including medical genetics, anthropology, and forensic science, highlighting their role in understanding heredity and evolution. This understanding can help identify genetic predispositions to certain diseases, which is foundational for developing targeted treatments or preventive strategies. The other options do not accurately reflect the importance of polymorphisms. While they may not solely determine physical traits, they are certainly more complex in their role within genetics and evolution. Additionally, dismissing their relevance to crime scene investigations overlooks their utility in DNA profiling and identification, which relies on understanding genetic variations.